Sunday, January 5, 2014

2013 Favorites: A Constellation of Vital Phenomena by Anthony Marra


Nearly every Best-of-2013 book list I've read included Anthony Marra's debut novel, A Constellation of Vital Phenomena, and I'm so pleased to see this engaging and wise book receive the credit it so richly deserves. The story takes place during the two Chechen Wars, between 1994 and 2004, and revolves around a pair of doctors who protect a young girl who lost her only parent in the war. Though the subject matter might not have initially drawn me to the novel, I had heard so many good reports about it that I gave it a chance anyway and was hooked almost immediately.

Marra is an excellent storyteller: the plot unwinds non-sequentially, with the author deftly moving the time setting backward and forward to control how events and characters are revealed. But two other factors impressed me even more than the intricately worked plot. First, the description of the time and place are so vivid and filled with detail that it's almost impossible to understand how Marra could have captured it as an outsider. Apparently he studied abroad in Russia in college and did visit Chechnya at some point, but this book feels like it was written by someone who lived through the story. His research must have been tremendous because the details were practically tactile they were so specific and full of life. After finishing the book, I felt like I had visited Chechnya. That couldn't have been easy, but he made it seem natural. Bravo.

The second aspect of the book that I found remarkable was the sheer quality of writing and the truth of his observations. Sometimes as a reader I'm tempted to speed through passages that don't seem to move the plot forward, but doing so with this novel would rob it of some of its most insightful and poignant moments. This is a novel to soak up, not speed through. Here are some passages that help explain what I mean:

In describing a doting mother/daughter relationship: "Her mother treated her with the pride and envy of a woman who had fallen in love with sixteen boys in secondary school, none of whom reciprocated her affection."

The family dynamics between the favored daughter above (Natasha) and her brainy and less approachable sister Sonja: "Even after Sonja graduated secondary school at the top of her class and matriculated to the city university biology department, their parents found more to love in Natasha. Sonja's gifts were too complex to be understood, and therefore less desirable. Natasha was beautiful and charming. They didn't need MDs to know how to be proud of her."

Or how about this sentence: "This is how you will survive, she told herself. You will turn the holes in your life into storage space."

"Based on the average life expectancy of a Soviet woman, she could expect to live for another forty-eight years, but the Soviet Union had died, and she hadn't, and the appendices couldn't explain this discrepancy in data, when the subject outlasted its experiment. Only one entry supplied an adequate definition, and she circled it with red ink, and referred to it nightly. Life: a constellation of vital phenomena--organization, irritability, movement, growth, reproduction, adaptation."

A young girl, on learning of the loss of her parent: "The look on his face told her what had happened and that hurt burrowed deeper than anything she'd ever felt, deep enough to change from the thing she felt to the thing she was."

I almost never re-read novels, but this one was so rich and layered that I'm tempted to open it up again to see what I would draw from a second pass through it. This is a rare, special book, and it was the perfect way to close a year of outstanding books in 2013.


Wednesday, January 1, 2014

Well, Let's Try This Again. :O)

It's been a long time since I've posted, but it's a new year and a good time to start again. Despite the fact that I haven't been writing about my reading, I have been keeping up with it busily and happily all year. I achieved my goal of reading 55 books in 2013, and I encountered some fantastic reads along the way. The picture above is a partial stack of about two-thirds of the books I read this year. The remainder not shown were electronic books, library books, or given away to friends. My reading this year tended to cluster in the areas of literary fiction, European history, autobiography and biography, and even a few young adult novels.

The complete list of books, tiered roughly according to how well I liked them, is as follows:

5 Stars (14 books)
Long Walk to Freedom by Nelson Mandela
Survival in Auschwitz by Primo Levi
The Reawakening by Primo Levi
People of the Book by Geraldine Brooks
A Prayer for Owen Meany by John Irving
The Book Thief by Markus Zusak
And the Mountains Echoed by Khaled Hosseini
A Constellation of Vital Phenomena by Anthony Marra
George F. Kennan: An American Life by John Lewis Gaddis
How We Survived Communism and Even Laughed by Slavenka Drakulic
Animal Farm by George Orwell
Travelers' Tales Spain: True Stories by Lucy MacCauley
The Fault In Our Stars by John Green
Every Day by David Levithan

4 Stars (27 books)
Man's Search for Meaning by Viktor Frankl
Savage Continent: Europe in the Aftermath of World War II by Keith Lowe
The Life of Pi by Yann Martel
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
March by Geraldine Brooks
Let the Great World Spin by Colum McCann
Nothing to Envy: Ordinary Lives in North Korea by Barbara Demick
The Solitude of Prime Numbers by Paolo Giordano
Invisible Cities by Italo Calvino
Suite Francaise by Irene Nemirovsky
My Beloved World by Sonia Sotomayor
Birdsong by Sebastian Faulks
The Enchanted April by Elizabeth von Arnim
Reading Lolita in Tehran by Azar Nafisi
Old School by Tobias Wolff
Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury
The Liberator: One World War II Soldier's 500-Day Odyssey from the Beaches of Sicily to the Gates of Dachau by Alex Kershaw
The Art of Racing in the Rain by Garth Stein
Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead by Sheryl Sandberg
Sold by Patricia McCormick
Sweet Tooth by Ian McEwan
The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky
You Deserve Nothing by Alexander Maksik
Those Who Save Us by Jenna Blum
The Taste of War: World War II and the Battle for Food by Lizzie Collingham
I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban by Malala Yousafzai
Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything by Joshua Foer

3 Stars (14 books)

Farewell to by Manzanar Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston
A Russian Journal by John Steinbeck
The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath
Lord of the Flies by William Golding
Postcards from Tomorrow Square: Reports from China by James Fallows
Black Dogs by Ian McEwan
Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut
The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tokien
The Shadow Patrol by Alex Berenson
Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy by John le Carre
Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams
Inferno by Dan Brown
Excellent Women by Barbara Pym

2 Stars and Below
None! This year, I abandoned every one of the books in imminent danger of scoring this low.

Tuesday, February 12, 2013

Book Awards: Arthur Ross Book Award

         



I have a few deeply held beliefs about books. Cracking book spines on purpose should be punishable by law. Public libraries are civic churches. And, maybe most importantly, life is too short to read crappy books.

I'm not saying that every novel a person reads should be Tolstoy or David Foster Wallace. Every person has an inalienable right to define what they consider a crappy book. If Twilight is what moves someone to pick up a book, and they love what they find there, godspeed. Shakespeare, Stephen King, David McCullough, Janet Evanovich--whatever turns you on. All I'm saying is that, whether one turns to a book for pure escapist entertainment, information on a subject of interest, or fiction that can help us understand life from another person's point of view, we should read books that stimulate us, that successfully carry out their function. Life is fleeting, and we can only pack so much reading into one lifetime. Lots of people read more than me, but I find that I have to really focus in order to read 50 books a year. Over the course of a lifetime, there's a fairly definable upper limit to how many books I'll be able to read. And it is shorter than the list of books that I'd like to read. Much shorter.

Hence, my rule: no crappy books.

I love books. I have a house full of them, which sometimes makes it difficult to decide what to read next. Sometimes I'm curious about a particular historical period and I need to choose between a group of books all on similar topics. Sometimes I'm looking for a shortcut to find a readable, important work of history or fiction or biography.

One of the (many) ways that I choose what to read is to keep an eye on book awards. Particularly for works of non-fiction, I find it interesting to see which works juries of scholars or practitioners believe contribute the most to their fields. It's not always a perfect means of finding books that I love, but usually books applauded by juries are at least worth a second look.

Dozens of book prizes are awarded every year, but it can take quite a bit of research to nose them out and keep track of them. I'll do that for you. You're welcome. :) Periodically in this blog, I will devote a posting to a book award, and they'll all bear the tag "book award" so that you can easily search for them (just click those words at the bottom of this column).

Today, I wanted to draw attention to the Arthur Ross Book Award, which is sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations. This award recognizes books that "make an outstanding contribution to the understanding of foreign policy or international relations." I've read a handful of the books listed below, and they have been exceptional--some of the finest non-fiction I've ever come across (Postwar by Tony Judt, Descent into Chaos by Ahmed Rashid, The Bottom Billion by Paul Collier, and Ghost Wars by Steve Coll are all standouts.)

Below, you will find the 2012 winners, announced on January 23, 2013, plus previous Gold, Silver, and Honorable Mention awards stretching back to 2002. Dive in, and especially if you've already read any of these, please feel free to share your thoughts in the comment section. Enjoy!



2012 Winners
Gold Medal: John Lewis Gaddis for George F. Kennan: An American Life
Silver Medal: Jason Stearns for Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of Congo and the Great War of Africa
Honorable Mention: Daniel Yergin for The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern World

2012 Short List:
Francis Fukuyama, The Origins of Political Order: From Prehuman Times to the French Revolution
Frederick Kempe, Berlin 1961: Kennedy, Kruschev, and the Most Dangerous Place on Earth

Previous Arthur Ross Awards

2011
Gold Medal: Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff, This Time is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly
Silver Medal: Thomas Hegghammer, Jihad in Saudi Arabia: Violence and Pan-Islamism since 1979
Honorable Mention: Charles A. Kupchan, How Enemies Become Friends: The Sources of Stable Peace

2010
Gold Medal: Liaquat Ahamed, Lords of Finance: The Bankers Who Broke the World
Silver Medal: Seth G. Jones, In the Graveyard of Empires: America's War in Afghanistan
Honorable Mention: Gerard Prunier, Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe

2009
Gold Medal: Philip P. Pan, Out of Mao's Shadow: The Struggle for the Soul of a New China
Silver Medal: Ahmed Rashid, Descent into Chaos: The United States and the Failure of Nation Building in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Central Asia
Honorable Mention: Gareth Evans, The Responsibility to Protect: Ending Mass Atrocity Crimes Once and For All

2008
Gold Medal: Paul Collier, The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done About It
Silver Medal: Trita Parsi, Treacherous Alliance: The Secret Dealings of Israel, Iran, and the United States
Honorable Mention: Robert Dallek, Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power

2007
Gold Medal: Kwame Anthony Appiah, Cosmopolitanism: Ethics in a World of Strangers
Silver Medal: Robert L. Beisner, Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War
Honorable Mention: Thomas Ricks, Fiasco: The American Military Adventure in Iraq

2006
Gold Medal: Tony Judt, Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945
Silver Medal: Olivier Roy, Globalized Islam: The Search for a New Ummah
Honorable Mention: George Packer, The Assassins' Gate: America in Iraq

2005
Gold Medal: Steve Coll, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001
Silver Medal: Stephen Biddle, Military Power: Explaining Victory and Defeat in Modern Battle
Honorable Mention: James Mann, Rise of the Vulcans: The History of Bush's War Cabinet

2004
Gold Medal: Daniel Benjamin and Steven Simon, The Age of Sacred Terror: Radical Islam's War Against America
Silver Medal: Robert Cooper, The Breaking of Nations: Order and Chaos in the Twenty-First Century
Honorable Mention: Ivo Daalder and James Lindsay, America Unbound: The Bush Revolution in Foreign Policy

2003
Gold Medal: Samantha Power, A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide
Silver Medal: Margaret MacMillan, Paris 1919: Six Months That Changed the World
Honorable Mention: Philip Bobbitt, The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace, and the Course of History

2002
Gold Medal: Robert Skidelsky, John Maynard Keynes: Fighting for Freedom 1937-1946
Silver Medal: Lawrence Freedman, Kennedy's Wars: Berlin, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam
Honorable Mention: Walter Russell Mead, Special Providence: American Foreign Policy and How It Changed the World


Sunday, February 10, 2013

Second Saturday Book Sale Haul

On the second Saturday of each month, my local branch library's volunteers hold a book sale to raise money for the children's book collection. Almost all the books are $1, which is devastatingly affordable. As the months pass, it's becoming clear that the hidden cost of the $1 books is the constant demand for new shelving. :)


So. Have you read any of these? I haven't. Where should I begin? Recommendations?

Friday, February 8, 2013

2013 Countdown #3: Man's Search for Meaning, ****


Man's Search for Meaning


I had heard of Viktor Frankl's book Man's Search for Meaning previously, but until earlier this year, I had misunderstood what it's about. I had assumed that it was a work of philosophy, which I suppose is true in a way. But it's more accurate to describe the book partly as the author's memoir of surviving the Holocaust and partly as a description of the psychotherapeutic technique that the author, a psychiatrist, developed to help people who have experienced terrible traumas.

The book is an insightful and thought-provoking examination of how we find meaning in life and how we bear suffering. In the first half of the book, Frankl describes--with almost heartbreaking understatement--his life in a German concentration camp during World War II. There are no heroes in his memoir: he is chillingly matter-of-fact about everyone in the camp, both guards and guarded. He frequently downplays his own suffering by offering disclaimers that others endured conditions much worse than his, that their hardships eclipsed his somehow. Several times, he mentions almost apologetically that others have already described the living conditions, the medical trials, the senseless brutality, and the casual killings that filled the days there.

When the war finally ended, Frankl dedicated much of his time to providing psychotherapy to other survivors. Many traditional therapeutic methods required patients to dwell on past traumatic experiences, which kept the wounds open. Frankl chose a different approach, which he called logotherapy. Logotherapy asked the patients to focus on the future instead of the past, helping them to define some specific life objective that could help bring meaning to the individual's future life. Frankl quotes Nietzsche: "He who has a why to live for can bear almost any how."

Frankl's theory was that suffering becomes more bearable if one can make some sense of it. This passage of the book moved me: "Once, an elderly general practitioner consulted me because of his severe depression. He could not overcome the loss of his wife who had died two years before and whom he had loved above all else. Now, how could I help him? What should I tell him? Well, I refrained from telling him anything but instead confronted him with the question, 'What would have happened, Doctor, if you had died first, and your wife would have had to survive you?' 'Oh,' he said, "for her this would have been terrible; how she would have suffered!' Whereupon I replied, 'You see, Doctor, such a suffering has been spared her, and it was you who have spared her this suffering--to be sure, at the price that now you have to survive and mourn her.' He said no word but shook my hand and calmly left my office. In some way, suffering ceases to be suffering at the moment it finds a meaning, such as the meaning of a sacrifice."

For a layperson like me, the technical aspects of the psychotherapy presented in the second half of the book overwhelmed the book's basic message a bit, which is why I rated the book 4-stars instead of 5. But it is still a memorable, tremendously worthwhile read.

Thursday, February 7, 2013

2013 Countdown: Book #2, The Liberator, ****




For my second book of the year, I recently finished Alex Kershaw's The Liberator: One World War II Soldier's 500-Day Odyssey from the Beaches of Sicily to the Gates of Dachau. Although I'm very interested in 20th century European history, I hadn't specifically planned to read the book--it just happened to be sitting on the shelf of new arrivals at my local library, and the first few pages pulled me in immediately. I love it when that happens--it's an unexpected gift.

With all the books, movies, and television shows about World War II, it's becoming increasingly difficult for new material about that period to present something fresh and original. That's one of the reasons why Kershaw's book appealed to me: I've read much less about the Allied campaign in Italy than about the D-Day landings or the war in the Pacific, for example. Also, Kershaw explains events by following the experience of a single soldier, Felix Sparks, an American infantryman whose unit landed on Sicily in 1943 and who fought through Italy, France and Germany, ultimately being among the handful of men who liberated the Dachau concentration camp in 1945. Even though Kershaw tells the story through the lens of one person, he balances the micro-level narrative with all the macro-level context necessary to understand why the battles are significant and how the overall war effort is proceeding at each stage.

The story is gripping, and Kershaw's writing is smooth and well-paced. He introduces Felix Sparks as such a likable and heroic figure that I wasn't just reading about Sparks, I was worrying about him as he fought through Europe. And I was imagining how awful it must have been for his wife and parents, knowing that he was in constant danger.

More than once, The Liberator reminded me of John Steinbeck's outstanding book Once There Was a War, which was a collection of the articles he wrote as a journalist covering the WWII. Steinbeck's journalism has a lot in common with Kershaw's narrative nonfiction: both are at their best telling stories of individuals who didn't choose to go to war but who act with integrity and courage, doing their best as small parts of a mammoth war effort. Done well, as it is in these two cases, that is a worthy read.

Take THAT, Baltimore! :)

Baltimore may have won the Superbowl on Sunday, but the results of the literary nerd Superbowl came in today, and finally D.C. won something. :) For the second year in a row, Washington, D.C. was named the U.S.'s "most literate city."

Every year since 2005, Central Connecticut State President John Miller has ranked U.S. cities with population above 250,000 according to their data on six indicators of literacy: the number of bookstores, educational attainment, internet resources, library resources, newspaper circulation, and periodical publishing resources. D.C. took the top spot, as it did last year. D.C. ranked first in the country for internet resources and for periodical publications, but as a D.C. resident who adores bookstores, I was disappointed to see that we ranked 15th in that category. The big winners in bookstores per capita were the Twin Cities: St. Paul and Minneapolis came in first and third, respectively.

As someone who has called D.C. home for a long time, I'd venture a guess that there's more interest here in the latest Congressional Budget Office report than the latest Murakami novel. But even so, people here are engaged readers, and there are resources and amenities for all tastes. Our flagship independent bookstore, Politics and Prose, holds 500 literary events a year (in fact, I attended one last night, when Susan Cain spoke about her excellent book Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking). We've got a wide range of high-quality hometown newspapers. And libraries like this are open to the public:

Library of Congress Main Reading Room

Not bad, right? :)

You can read the full study here, and these are the top ten most literate cities in 2012 :

1.   Washington, D.C. (same as in 2011)
2.   Seattle (same as in 2011)
3.   Minneapolis (same as in 2011)
4.   Pittsburgh (up from No. 6)
5.   Denver (up from No. 10)
6.   St. Paul (up from No. 12)
7.   Boston (down from No. 5)
8.   Atlanta (down from No. 4)
9.   St. Louis (down from No. 8)
10. Portland, OR (up from No. 11)